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How to Write a QA Test Script
A QA Test Script is a set of pre-defined instructions used to automate or manually execute test cases in the software testing process.Test scripts are used to verify that the software works as intended and meets the specified requirements. They are similar to test cases but are usually more detailed and often used in automated testing tools to run tests repeatedly.
By following a structured format, these scripts ensure consistency, reliability, and efficiency in validating software functionality.
By following a structured format, these scripts ensure consistency, reliability, and efficiency in validating software functionality.
Properly written test scripts provide valuable documentation, improve the software testing process, and ensure high-quality deliverables.
Purpose of a QA Test Script
Automates Test Execution
Ensures tests can be run automatically without manual intervention.
Consistent Testing
Allows repeated execution of tests to ensure consistent results across different cycles.
Efficient and Time-Saving
Reduces manual work by running the same tests multiple times with minimal effort.
Validates Functionality
Verifies that the system behaves as expected under different conditions.
Enhances Regression Testing
Facilitates quick execution of regression tests whenever new features or bug fixes are added.
Components of a QA Test Script
A QA test script typically includes the following sections:Test Script ID
A unique identifier for the script.
Example:
Example:
User should be logged in and on the homepage.
Example:
The login page must be operational before running the script.
Example: TS-001
Test Script Title
A brief description of the script’s purpose.
Example: Automate login functionality test.
Preconditions
Conditions that must be met before the test script can be executed.
Example:
Example:
User account must exist.
Browser must be installed and configured.
Example (Manual Test Script):
Browser must be installed and configured.
Test Script Steps
A series of actions to perform in a step-by-step sequence.Example (Manual Test Script):
Open the browser and navigate to the login page.
Enter a valid username.
Enter a valid password.
Click on the "Login" button.
Enter a valid username.
Enter a valid password.
Click on the "Login" button.
Test Data
The input values required for the test script to execute.Example:
Username: "user123"
Password: "pass@123"
Example:
User should be redirected to the dashboard page.
Password: "pass@123"
Expected Result
The anticipated outcome after executing the test steps.Example:
User should be redirected to the dashboard page.
Actual Result
The outcome that was observed after running the test script.Example:
User was redirected to the dashboard page.
Status:
The result of the test script execution.
Possible values: Pass, Fail, Blocked, Not Executed
User was redirected to the dashboard page.
Status:
The result of the test script execution.
Possible values: Pass, Fail, Blocked, Not Executed
Postconditions
Conditions that should be in place after the script is executed.Example:
User should be logged in and on the homepage.
Dependencies:
Any prerequisites or dependencies for the test script to run successfully.
Any prerequisites or dependencies for the test script to run successfully.
Example:
The login page must be operational before running the script.
Remarks
Additional observations or comments related to the script execution.
Example:
Test executed successfully, but login button needs redesign based on UI testing.
Title: Automate Login Functionality Test
Example:
Test executed successfully, but login button needs redesign based on UI testing.
Example of a QA Test Script
Test Script ID: TS-001Title: Automate Login Functionality Test
Preconditions:
User account is already created.
Web browser is configured and accessible.
Test Script Steps:
Open the browser and navigate to the login page.
Enter "user123" in the Username field.
Enter "pass@123" in the Password field.
Click the "Login" button.
Test Data:
Username: user123
Password: pass@123
User account is already created.
Web browser is configured and accessible.
Test Script Steps:
Open the browser and navigate to the login page.
Enter "user123" in the Username field.
Enter "pass@123" in the Password field.
Click the "Login" button.
Test Data:
Username: user123
Password: pass@123
Expected Result:
User is logged in successfully and redirected to the dashboard page.
Actual Result:
User logged in successfully, dashboard page displayed.
Status: Pass
User is logged in successfully and redirected to the dashboard page.
Actual Result:
User logged in successfully, dashboard page displayed.
Status: Pass
Postconditions:
User is logged in and on the homepage.
Dependencies:
Login page must be up and running.
Remarks:
Login functionality working fine.
Further UX/UI adjustments needed for the button design.
User is logged in and on the homepage.
Dependencies:
Login page must be up and running.
Remarks:
Login functionality working fine.
Further UX/UI adjustments needed for the button design.
Best Practices for Writing a QA Test Script
Keep it Simple and Clear
Ensure that each step is easy to follow and clearly defined.
Use Consistent Naming Conventions
Keep the naming of test script elements consistent for easy maintenance.
Include Detailed Steps
Document every action so that anyone can execute the test script, even without prior knowledge of the software.
Be Specific with Test Data
Include relevant test data to ensure all variables are tested.
Ensure Reusability
Write test scripts that can be reused across multiple test cycles or in different environments.
Handle Errors and Edge Cases
Plan for error conditions and edge cases to ensure robustness.
Automate Where Possible
For repetitive and critical tests, use automated scripts to save time and improve accuracy.
Document and Update Regularly
Maintain and update scripts as the application evolves to ensure ongoing relevance and accuracy.